The Influence of Soil Chemistry on SCC of Underground Pipelines
Bibliographic record
Abstract
High-pH stress corrosion cracking (SCC) failures of underground pipelines have occurred in a wide variety of soils, covering a range in color, texture, and pH. No single characteristic has been found to be common to all of the soil samples. Similarly, the compositions of the water extracts from the soils have not shown any more consistency than the physical descriptions of the soils. On several occasions, small quantities of electrolytes have been obtained from beneath disbonded coatings near locations where high-pH stress corrosion cracks were detected. The principle components of the electrolytes were carbonate and bicarbonate ions and it is now recognized that a concentrated carbonate-bicarbonate environment is responsible for this form of cracking. Much of this early research focused on the anions present in the soils and electrolytes. This paper summarizes the results of analyses of soil and electrolyte data in which the relationship between the cations and the occurrence of high-pH and near-neutral pH SCC were evaluated.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".