Modelling rate-dependent symmetric and asymmetric hysteresis loops of smart actuators
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Smart material actuators invariably exhibit hysteresis that may be either symmetric or asymmetric depending upon the actuation principle. Moreover, the shape of hysteresis loop depends on the rate of change of the input. In this study, a generalised rate-dependent Prandtl-Ishlinskii model is proposed to characterise both the symmetric and asymmetric input-output hysteresis effects of smart material-based actuators. The model is realised upon formulation and integration of a generalised rate-dependent play operator. The validity of the generalised model is demonstrated by comparing its displacement responses with the measured symmetric and asymmetric responses obtained for piezoceramic and magnetostrictive actuators under different input frequencies in the 1?200 Hz and 10?100 Hz ranges, respectively. The results suggest that the proposed rate-dependent Prandtl-Ishlinskii model can effectively characterise the symmetric as well asymmetric hysteresis properties of the smart material actuators over a wide range of input frequencies.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".