Erythropoietin inhibits respiratory epithelial cell apoptosis in a model of acute lung injury
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Fas-mediated apoptosis of the alveolar epithelium is important in the pathogenesis of acute respiratory distress syndrome. Erythropoietin (EPO) has cytoprotective properties in other organ systems, and is relatively deficient in critical illness. This study investigates a potential role for EPO in reducing apoptosis in a model of acute lung injury. Apoptosis was induced in human alveolar epithelial (A549) cells or normal human bronchial epithelial (NHBE) cells by Fas activation with CH-11 Fas-crosslinking antibody or by co-culture with polymorphonuclear neutrophils in a transwell system. The effect of recombinant human (rh)EPO on apoptosis was measured by poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase cleavage and cell death detection assay. The specific EPO-EPO receptor (EPOR)-mediated effect was determined using an EPO-blocking antibody or EPOR small interfering RNA. Expression of EPOR was demonstrated in A549, NHBE and normal human alveolar epithelium. Fas- and neutrophil-mediated apoptosis of A549 and NHBE cells was inhibited by rhEPO by a specific EPO-EPOR-mediated mechanism. This anti-apoptotic effect was associated with induction of a pro-apoptotic Bcl-xL/Bax ratio. EPO has cytoprotective properties in respiratory epithelium in an in vitro model, which may indicate a potential therapeutic role in acute lung injury.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".