Superconductive Traveling-Wave Photodetectors: Fundamentals and Optical Propagation
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
This paper studies the theory of superconductive traveling-wave photodector devices (STWPDs), as a general platform for ultrafast, ultrasensitive, and ultralow-noise optoelectronic functions such as detection, modulation, photomixing, high-frequency electrical signal generation and amplification. Principles of operation of STWPDs are discussed based on the kinetic-inductance theory of superconductive thin films and a thorough investigation of the guiding mechanism of light within this class of devices is presented. The transfer matrix method is introduced to model the superconductive optical waveguide in TWDs and an efficient numerical method based on the Cauchy integral method and the argument principle method are developed for the analysis and design of the waveguides. Moreover, several regimes of device operation will be distinguished in terms of the modal characteristics of the optical waveguide and their effects on the overall performance of the device will be highlighted.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it