Diabetes mellitus in the First Nations population of British Columbia, Canada. Part 2. Hospital morbidity
Bibliographic record
Abstract
OBJECTIVES: To describe hospitalization rates from diabetes mellitus or its complications among residents of the province of British Columbia, Canada during the 5-year period 1993 to 1997, comparing people with Indian Status to rest of the population. STUDY DESIGN: A data base of all acute-care hospital discharges with diabetes mellitus anywhere among the discharge diagnoses was created. Case definitions of diabetes-related hospitalization were based on logical combinations of ICD-9 coded discharge diagnoses. Indirect standardization was used to adjust for age differences between the two populations. RESULTS: Among persons aged 35 years or older, Status Indian males and pregnant females were twice as likely to be hospitalized for diabetes-related illness than other males or pregnant females. Status Indian non-pregnant females were three times as likely to be hospitalized as their non-Status Indian counterparts. Under age 35 years there was no difference in risk. Older First Nations women have a higher risk of diabetes during pregnancy but this analysis cannot distinguish gestational diabetes from pre-existing Type 2 diabetes.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.003 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".