Study on Spectral Shapes of K.ALPHA. Lines of Ammonium and Nitrate Nitrogen Using Electron Probe Microanalyzer and Molecular Orbital Calculation
Bibliographic record
Abstract
An electron probe microanalyzer was applied to ammonium sulfate, ammonium nitrate and sodium nitrate to make chemical-state analyses of Kα lines of ammonium and nitrate nitrogen. The results inferred that the shape of the Kα lines in ammonium sulfate and ammonium nitrate was symmetric, and that of the Kα lines in sodium nitrate was asymmetric. To understand this asymmetry of the Kα lines in sodium nitrate theoretically, the electronic transition states of a nitrate ion cluster, related to the Kα lines of nitrogen, were calculated by the DV-Xα molecular orbital method. The results showed that the electronic transition states (transition energies and intensities), caused by chemical bonds between nitrogen and the adjacent oxygen atom, determined the shapes of the Kα lines of nitrogen.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".