NMDA-mediated social learning of fear-induced conditioned analgesia to biting flies
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Although fear conditioning has received extensive neurobiological attention little is known about social learning whereby one individual may learn and acquire the fear responses of another. A 30 min exposure to intact biting flies (stable fly, Stomoxys colcitrans L.) elicits in individual fly-naive mice analgesia and active self burying responses to avoid the flies. Fly-naive observer mice that witnessed other demonstrator mice being attacked by biting flies exhibited analgesia and self-burying to avoid flies when exposed 24 h later to altered flies whose biting mouth parts were removed. The opiate antagonist naloxone, while reducing the analgesic responses elicited by exposure to a fly-stressed demonstrator, did not affect either the subsequent conditioned analgesia or self-burying. However, the specific NMDA receptor antagonist NPC 12626, given to observers prior to, but not after, presentation of fly attacked demonstrators blocked the socially determined conditioned analgesia and self burying avoidance. This supports NMDA involvement in the mediation of the social transmission and long-term (24h) retention of conditioned analgesia and fear.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".