DEFINITIVE IDENTIFICATION OF LARIX (PINACEAE) WOOD BASED ON ANATOMY FROM THE MIDDLE EOCENE, AXEL HEIBERG ISLAND, CANADIAN HIGH ARCTIC
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This paper provides the first definitive identification of fossil Larix Miller wood using the characteristic features of ray-tracheid bordered pits. The wood was recovered from the middle Eocene (Lutetian/Uintan; 41.3– 47.5 Ma) Buchanan Lake Formation on eastern Axel Heiberg Island in the Canadian High Arctic and extends the fossil record of Larix wood further back in geologic time. A new and rapid embedding method is described which provides a firm and non-destructive matrix for thinsectioning and examining the well-preserved details of the wood. The wood is associated with Larix altoborealis LePage & Basinger, a shortbracted species, which was previously described from this locality as the earliest known species of Larix.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".