Vulnerability in palliative care: an application and extension of the risk chain model
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The terms 'inequity' and 'vulnerability' have increasingly become popular in publications concerning health research and policy, including those on palliative care. Often, these words are used with ethical connotation but without precise definitions. In addition, despite the seeming affinity between these two terms, it remains vague how they might relate to each other. This paper proposes a way to understand the meaning of, and relationship between, inequity and vulnerability in palliative care. I start by introducing the risk chain model proposed by Alwang and his colleagues that describes how vulnerability occurs. Then I expand the risk chain model from ethical perspectives specifically in the context of palliative care and explore the meaning of inequity and vulnerability in palliative care. The paper concludes with identification of who are the vulnerable in palliative care and when palliative care is inequitable.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.009 | 0.023 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.003 | 0.003 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.002 | 0.007 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.004 | 0.008 |
| Open science | 0.002 | 0.007 |
| Research integrity | 0.003 | 0.004 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.010 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".