Effect of cobalt 60 and 1 MeV electron irradiation on silicon photodiodes/solar cells
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Using 1060 krad doses of cobalt 60 gamma radiation, the effect of simulated space radiation on 1 mm2 active area silicon photodiodes with a sapphire window is studied. The diodes will be used to control the laser output of a space experiment in geostationary orbit. The effect of 1 MeV electron irradiation with various fluences on 100 mm2 silicon photodiodes/solar cells, which were used to control the attitude of a satellite in space, is also studied here. Fluences ranging from 3 x 1014 to 1 x 1015 cm2 of 1 MeV energy, caused a decrease in the short-circuit current, i.e., increasing the percentage of deterioration from 12% to 20% at a room-temperature measurement. Exposure to the gamma irradiation yields almost no degradation for the electro-optical performance of the devices. The manufacturing processes of the detectors and their electro-optical IV characteristics such as fill factor, responsivity, and dark current are presented here. Electro-optical tests were also done at intermediate levels of irradiation. High stability and high quality of the photodiodes were achieved prior to and after irradiation. PACS No.: 84.60J
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".