Administrative penalties in the <i>Rechtsstaat</i>: On the emergence of the <i>Ordnungswidrigkeit</i> sanctioning system in post-war Germany
Why this work is in the frame
A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The tendency to resort to administrative penalties in the wake of the expansion of the regulatory state has generally been ascribed to the need to lessen judicial workload and streamline procedures so as to induce compliance through speedy enforcement. This article, however, articulates the historical singularity of the German experience with administrative penalties in the decades following World War II. Specifically, it draws attention to the manifold links between the major statutory developments through which the Ordnungswidrigkeit sanctioning system took shape and the larger economic, political, and social changes whereby the Federal Republic of Germany acted to break with its Nazi past and secure its foundations as a sovereign, democratic Rechtsstaat.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.002 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it