The effects of blurred vision on auditory-visual speech perception in younger and older adults
Why this work is in the frame
A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Speech understanding is improved when the observer can both see and hear the talker. This study compared the effects of reduced visual acuity on auditory-visual (AV) speech-recognition in noise among younger and older adults. Two groups of participants performed a closed-set sentence-recognition task in one auditory-alone (A-alone) condition and under three AV conditions: normal visual acuity (6/6), and with blurred vision to simulate a 6/30 and 6/60 visual impairment. The results showed that (1) the addition of visual speech cues improved speech-perception relative to the A-alone condition, (2) under the AV conditions, performance declined as the amount of blurring increased, (3) even under the AV condition that simulated a visual acuity of 6/60, the speech recognition scores were significantly higher than those obtained under the A-alone condition, and (4) generally, younger adults obtained higher scores than older adults under all conditions. Our results demonstrate the benefits of visual cues to enhance speech understanding even when visual acuity is not optimal.SumarioLa comprensión del lenguaje mejora cuando el observador puede tanto ver como oír a su interlocutor. Este estudio compara los efectos de una agudeza visual reducida, en el reconocimiento auditivo-visual (AV) del lenguaje con ruido, entre adultos jóvenes y mayores. Dos grupos de participantes realizaron una tarea de reconocimiento de oraciones en contexto cerrado en una condición solo auditiva (Solo-A) y en tres condiciones AV: con agudeza visual normal (6/6) y con visión borrosa simulando impedimentos visuales de 6/30 y 6/60. Los resultados mostraron: (1) la adición de claves visuales de lenguaje mejora la percepción del mismo en relación con la condición de Solo-A; (2) en las condiciones AV, el desempeño declinó conforme aumentó el grado de visión borrosa; (3) incluso en la condición AV que simulaba una agudeza visual de 6/60, las puntuaciones en el reconocimiento del lenguaje fueron significativamente superiores que las obtenidas en la condición de Solo-A y (4) generalmente, los adultos jóvenes obtuvieron puntuaciones más altas que los adultos mayores, en todas las condiciones. Nuestros resultados demuestran los beneficios de las claves visuales para aumentar la comprensión del lenguaje, incluso cuando la agudeza visual no es óptima.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it