Transient Natural Convection Induced by Gas Diffusion in Liquid-Saturated Vertical Porous Columns
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
This paper focuses on the development of natural convection mass transfer induced by gas diffusion in a liquid-saturated vertical porous column. The porous column is confined with two impermeable end faces and an isosolutal side surface. Mass transfer by natural convection is studied by numerically solving the conservation equations of mass, momentum, and diffusing species. To describe the transient behavior of natural convection, transient and integrated Sherwood numbers, i.e., Sh t and Sh i, are defined on the basis of a parallel pure diffusion case. The evolution of the natural convection process is systematically studied for the aspect ratios ranging from 0.125 to 8 and Rayleigh numbers from 10 to 1000. It is found that the Sherwood number increases with increasing Rayleigh number, whereas it increases first and then decreases with increasing aspect ratio. The results confirm the assumption in a previous study that the effect of natural convection is negligible on the diffusion process in the gas effective diffusion coefficient measurement, 1 and also provide important implications on how to prepare core samples in laboratory for gas effective diffusion coefficient measurements.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it