Visual sorting of recyclable goods using a support vector machine
Why this work is in the frame
A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Mounting environmental concerns and changing attitudes have led to recycling programs to divert waste from entering landfill sites. This trend has led municipalities to explore improved methods and tools such as machine vision for sorting and managing the growing volume of recyclable materials. This paper describes an approach to visual sorting using image intensity data and a support vector machine applied to the unique problem of sorting polycoat containers from plastic bottles. The approach is rotation, translation and scale invariant since it uses features derived from image histograms. We also demonstrate that the approach is robust to the size, shape, varied labeling and deformation of the recycled material. An experiment is performed to verify the approach using separate test and training data. Despite the use of a modest number of training images, the system achieves a classification accuracy of over 96% using images obtained from a single grey-scale camera.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it