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Record W2023520185 · doi:10.1109/tap.2011.2167934

Maximum Gain of a Lossy Antenna

2011· article· en· W2023520185 on OpenAlex
Amir Arbabi, Safieddin Safavi‐Naeini

Why this work is in the frame

A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.

affAt least one author lists a Canadian institution in the pinned OpenAlex snapshot.

Bibliographic record

VenueIEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation · 2011
Typearticle
Languageen
FieldEngineering
TopicAntenna Design and Analysis
Canadian institutionsUniversity of Waterloo
Fundersnot available
KeywordsAntenna (radio)Antenna gainAntenna factorAntenna measurementAntenna efficiencyRadiation patternAntenna apertureDipole antennaLossy compressionLimit (mathematics)PhysicsOpticsAcousticsMathematicsTelecommunicationsComputer scienceMathematical analysis

Abstract

fetched live from OpenAlex

An upper bound on the achievable gain of a lossy antenna is derived. This limit depends on the antenna size and a newly defined “loss merit factor,” which is shown to be a measure of the antenna material loss. The derived limit extends the well-known upper limit on the ratio of antenna directivity to its quality factor to the lossy antennas. Optimal antenna current distribution for the maximum gain is found, and the radiation pattern and antenna efficiency are also presented.

Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.

Full frame distilled prediction

Teacher imitation

Not calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.

metaresearch head score (Codex)0.000
metaresearch head score (Gemma)0.000
Version: codex-gemma-dda1882f352aValidation status: machine_predicted_unvalidated
Candidate categoriesnone
Consensus categoriesnone
DomainCandidate signal: none · Consensus signal: none
Study designCandidate signal: Bench or experimental · Consensus signal: none
GenreCandidate signal: Empirical · Consensus signal: none
Teacher disagreement score0.950
Threshold uncertainty score0.461

Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category

CategoryCodexGemma
Metaresearch0.0000.000
Meta-epidemiology (narrow)0.0000.000
Meta-epidemiology (broad)0.0000.000
Bibliometrics0.0000.000
Science and technology studies0.0000.000
Scholarly communication0.0000.000
Open science0.0000.000
Research integrity0.0000.000
Insufficient payload (model declined to judge)0.0000.000

Machine scores (provisional)

The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.

Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.

Opus teacher head0.022
GPT teacher head0.206
Teacher spread0.184 · how far apart the two teachers sit on this one work
Validation statusscore_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it