Three-band quantum well infrared photodetector using interband and intersubband transitions
Why this work is in the frame
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
This paper presents the design, fabrication, and characterization of a quantum well infrared photodetector capable of detecting near infrared (NIR), midwavelength infrared (MWIR), and long wavelength infrared (LWIR) simultaneously. The NIR detection was achieved using interband transition while MWIR and LWIR were based on intersubband transition in the conduction band. The quantum well structure was modeled by solving self-consistently the Schrödinger and Poisson equations with the help of the shooting method. Intersubband absorption in the sample was measured for the MWIR and LWIR using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and the measured peak positions were found at 5.3 and 8.7 μm, respectively, which are within 5% of the theoretical values, indicating the good accuracy of the self-consistent model. The photodetectors were fabricated using a standard photolithography process with exposed middle contacts to allow separate bias and readout of signals from the three wavelength bands. The background limited infrared performance for the LWIR quantum wells shows an upper operating temperature of about 70 K, limiting the overall device. Photocurrent spectroscopy was performed and gave three peaks at 0.84, 5.0, and 8.5 μm wavelengths with approximately 0.5, 0.03, and 0.13 A/W peak responsivities for NIR, MWIR, and LWIR bands, respectively. These results demonstrate the possibility of detection of widely separated wavelength bands, in a single pixel device, using interband and intersubband transitions in quantum wells.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it