The Impact of the Increasing Number of Multiple Births on the Rates of Preterm Birth and Low Birthweight: An International Study
Why this work is in the frame
A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
OBJECTIVES: We studied the effects of twins and triplets on perinatal health indicators in the overall population in the 1980s and 1990s in Canada, England and Wales, France, and the United States. METHODS: Data were derived mostly from live birth registration. We used rates, relative risks, and population attributable risks for twins and triplets separately. RESULTS: In each country, the increase in multiple births, and the increase in preterm delivery among multiple births, contributed almost equally to the rise in or stabilization of the overall rates of preterm delivery. Twins contributed a much larger proportion of the preterm deliveries and low-birthweight newborns than did triplets. CONCLUSIONS: Twins have a major population-based impact on the trends of perinatal health indicators.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it