New, resurrected and redefined species of<i>Mastocarpus</i>(Phyllophoraceae, Rhodophyta) from the northeast Pacific
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Lindstrom S.C., Hughey J.R. and Martone P.T. 2011. New, resurrected and redefined species of Mastocarpus (Phyllophoraceae, Rhodophyta). Phycologia 50: 661–683. DOI: 10.2216/10-38.1Recent molecular phylogenetic investigations of the red algal genus Mastocarpus from the northeast Pacific resolved numerous cryptic species. Although species were clearly defined through genetic analyses, the correct names to apply to the species remained unclear due to both morphological variability within species and morphological similarity between species. To determine the appropriate name for each entity, we analyzed DNA from type material of taxa previously ascribed to Mastocarpus. In combination with this analysis, an updated phylogeny based on a broad range of geographical and morphological collections is presented that includes data from nuclear (ribosomal internal transcribed spacers [ITS]), chloroplast (rbcL) and mitochondrial [cytochrome oxidase I (COI)] genomes. By analyzing partial ITS region sequences of type specimens, we are able to match currently accepted names (Mastocarpus papillatus, M. pacificus and M. jardinii) to modern collections. We resurrect the following specific epithets and propose the new combinations Mastocarpus cristatus, Mastocarpus latissimus and Mastocarpus agardhii, and we create new species for which we were unable to verify an existing name: Mastocarpus alaskensis, Mastocarpus intermedius, Mastocarpus vancouveriensis, Mastocarpus californianus and Mastocarpus rigidus. The species formerly included in M. papillatus are now identified as Mastocarpus alaskensis, M. papillatus, Mastocarpus intermedius, Mastocarpus cristatus, Mastocarpus vancouveriensis and Mastocarpus latissimus. The name M. jardinii applies to a species thus far collected only from Moss Beach in San Mateo County and the Monterey Peninsula, both in California. Specimens other than the type previously assigned to M. jardinii are now separated into three species: Mastocarpus rigidus, Mastocarpus californianus and Mastocarpus agardhii. Mastocarpus cristatus represents a species closely allied to Clade 3 (Mastocarpus intermedius), and M. pacificus represents Clade 7. Morphological and anatomical diagnoses, along with vertical distributions and geographic ranges, are provided for each species.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.005 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".