Bibliographic record
Abstract
The established dogma regarding the different isoforms of nitric oxide has been that constitutively expressed nitric oxide synthase is an extremely important homeostatic regulator of numerous important physiological processes whereas the inducible form of nitric oxide synthase underlies injury associated with intestinal inflammation. In this brief overview, I review some of the literature that clearly supports this contention, particularly the dramatically beneficial effects of oral L-NAME administration to animals with colitis induced by trinitrobenzene sulphonic acid (TNBS). However, I also highlight some of the gastrointestinal data that does not fit this simple tidy paradigm, particularly with respect to the inducible form of nitric oxide synthase (iNOS). For example, iNOS induced healing of skin and the intestinal mucosa, killing of certain bacteria, regulation of T cell proliferation and differentiation (Th1 v Th2), and control of leucocyte recruitment may mask or counter the toxic metabolites that are produced by iNOS. Perhaps it is not surprising that one does not always obtain benefit from inhibiting all iNOS either by gene deletion or by systemic NOS inhibition. I raise some potential flaws in our approaches to studying iNOS. For example, to date no attempts have been made to selectively inhibit iNOS in single cell types. Global inhibition of all iNOS assumes that the large variety of cell types that can produce iNOS have identical functions. Finally, I attempt to highlight areas that require additional investigation and issues that have not been explored.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".