The effects of domestication on the relative vulnerability of hatchery and wild origin spring Chinook salmon (<i>Oncorhynchus tshawytscha</i>) to predation
Bibliographic record
Abstract
We tested whether one generation of state-of-the-art hatchery culture influenced the vulnerability of Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) fry to predators. Size-matched hatchery and wild origin spring Chinook salmon fry were exposed to rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) and torrent sculpin (Cottus rhotheus) predators in 10.8 m3net pens. The hatchery origin fry were the offspring of first generation hatchery-reared broodstock, and the wild origin fry had no history of hatchery culture; both originated from the same stock. Wild origin fry were found to have a 2.2% (p = 0.016) survival advantage over hatchery origin fry during 2 years of predation challenges. The most important findings of this study are (i) domestication can affect the susceptibility to predators after only one generation of state-of-the-art hatchery culture practices, and (ii) the domestication effect was very small.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".