Numerical investigation of FLUID COKING™ units, Part II: Modelling of feed vaporisation
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract The hydrodynamics of FLUID COKING™ units are investigated with computational fluid dynamics (CFD). The vaporisation of liquid feed is simulated by introducing limiting assumptions to simplify and bound the process: (a) liquid feed entirely vaporised at the entrance of the column; (b) liquid feed vaporised immediately upon contact with the coke particles; and (c) liquid coated uniformly on the particles, with vapour generated uniformly throughout the bed. Results predicted under these extreme scenarios are compared. Then, two cases with a relatively realistic description of liquid–solid interaction and feed vaporisation are simulated. The vaporisation rate is found to play an important role in affecting the flow hydrodynamics. Based on the local liquid‐to‐solid ratio and shear stress distribution, an agglomeration index is introduced to characterise the stability of agglomerates in the reactor. The vaporisation rate of liquid film on particles is shown to affect the distribution of the agglomeration index. The results indicate that a high vaporisation rate tends to decrease both agglomeration and stripper fouling. © 2011 Canadian Society for Chemical Engineering
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".