Steinernema affine (Nematoda: Steinernematidae), a new record for North America and its distribution relative to other entomopathogenic nematodes in British Columbia
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract Randomly selected ecosystems in the coastal Greater Vancouver, Fraser valley and southern Vancouver Island regions, and in the interior Okanagan region of British Columbia, were sampled for the presence of entomopathogenic nematodes (EPN). Of 133 soil samples, 23 contained EPN (18 with steinernematids and five with heterorhabditids). Three identified species and one unidentified species were found. Steinernema affine and S. kraussei occurred in most EPN positive locations in the coastal regions sampled. Steinernema affine was found in open habitats and S. kraussei in all types of tree habitats. Steinernema feltiae was found in only one location, White Rock, in the Greater Vancouver region, close to an ocean beach. Heterorhabditis megidis occurred in only the drier Okanagan valley region of central, southern British Columbia, which has a more extreme climate than the moist, moderate climate of the coastal region. It occurred mostly in agricultural land represented by orchards, vineyards, and secondary woodland. In field baiting and laboratory experiments S. affine appeared to be a more successful parasite than S. kraussei.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.002 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".