GEOMETRICAL PROPERTIES OF AVALANCHES IN A PSEUDO-3D CORONAL LOOP
Bibliographic record
Abstract
We investigate the geometrical properties of energy release of synthetic coronal loops constructed using a recently published self-organized critical avalanche model of solar flares. The model is based on an idealized representation of a coronal loop as a bundle of closely packed magnetic flux strands wrapping around one another in response to photospheric fluid motions, much as in Parker's nanoflare model. Simulations are performed with a two-dimensional cellular automaton that satisfies the constraint ∇ · B = 0 by design. We transform the avalanching nodes produced by simulations into synthetic flare images by converting the two-dimensional lattice into a bent cylindrical loop that is projected onto the plane of the sky. We study the statistical properties of avalanches peak snapshots and time-integrated avalanches occurring in these synthetic coronal loops. We find that the frequency distribution of avalanche peak areas A assumes a power-law form with an index αA ≃ 2.37, in excellent agreement with observationally inferred values and reducing error bars from previous works. We also measure the area fractal dimension D of avalanches produced by our simulations using the box counting method, which yields 1.17 ⩽ D ⩽ 1.24, a result falling nicely within the range of observational determinations.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".