Detection of <i>Escherichia coli</i> O157:H7 Using Gold Nanoparticle Labeling and Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry
Bibliographic record
Abstract
O157:H7 is a serotype of enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EHEC) and one of the major causes of food-borne illness. Protection of food safety against bacterial contamination and rapid diagnosis of infection require simple and fast assays for detection of bacterial pathogens, including E. coli O157:H7. We describe here a rapid and sensitive assay for the E. coli O157:H7 bacteria by using antibody affinity binding, gold nanoparticle (Au NP) labeling, and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICPMS) detection. Taking advantage of the signal amplification property of Au NPs and the high sensitivity of ICPMS, the assay was able to detect as few as 500 E. coli O157:H7 cells in 1 mL of sample (500 CFU/mL). Tests with nonpathogenic E. coli (DH5alpha, AlphaTauCC35218, and ATCC25922) showed high specificity of the assay for E. coli O157:H7. Each assay was completed within 40 min. Demonstration of this assay for E. coli O157:H7 suggests its potential for detecting a variety of bacterial pathogens.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".