Biomonitoring of the environmental contamination by organotins in the Gulf of Tunis: occurrence of imposex in Stramonita haemastoma (Linnaeus, 1767)
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Imposex has been observed in several regions of the world to affect many species of prosobranch gastropods such as Stramonita haemastoma (Linnaeus, 1767). This irreversible sexual anomaly is caused mainly by the accumulation of organotin compounds in tissues. The present study aimed to confirm the existence of imposex and to determine the different levels of infection in individuals of Stramonita haemastoma collected from different stations along the rocky coastline of the Gulf of Tunis. To do this, 10 stations covering the entire rocky coastline of the gulf were sampled during March–May 2012. Rates of occurrence of imposex suggest that sexual modifications occur to different degrees in this species in all sampled stations of the gulf. The most contaminated sites were harbour areas (Sidi Bou Said and La Goulette). In addition, an inverse relationship between the distances from potential sources of pollution and the occurrence of this sexual anomaly was observed. It should be noted that toxic effects induced by marine xenobiotics could cause the loss of biodiversity and the disruption of this ecosystem stability.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".