Lightweight problem determination in DBMSs using data stream analysis techniques
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Problem determination in a database management system can be a difficult task given the complexity of the system and the large amount of data that must be collected and analyzed. Monitoring the system for this data incurs overhead and has a detrimental effect on application performance. As an alternative to the standard practice of storing the performance data and performing offline analysis, we examine an approach where monitoring data is produced as a continuous data stream and data stream mining techniques are applied. We implement this approach as a prototype system called Tempo on IBM DB2®. Tempo implements Top-K analysis, which is a common task performed by database administrators for problem determination. Top-K analysis typically identifies the set of most frequently occurring events, or the highest consumers of system resources. Our experimental evaluation indicates that Tempo is time and space efficient, incurs low overhead, and produces accurate results.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.005 | 0.024 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.003 | 0.003 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.005 | 0.007 |
| Open science | 0.003 | 0.004 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.003 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".