Distribution of U.S. Atlantic Salmon Postsmolts in the Gulf of Maine
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract Atlantic salmon Salmo salar of U.S. hatchery origin were captured as postsmolts by surface trawling during spatial surveys in late May to mid‐June in the northeastern Gulf of Maine in 2002 and 2003. Most marked and unmarked postsmolts were from the Penobscot River, but some were also from the Dennys and other rivers of the Gulf of Maine. The capture rate of stocked smolts was very low (≤0.01%), and it was highest for marked smolts from known rivers and proportional to numbers stocked. Marked postsmolts were caught 16–43 d after their release as smolts and 89–240 km from their river of origin. The rate of migration from different rivers differed and varied annually, and it accounted for some of the observed differences in capture rate. The weight of postsmolts from known rivers was greater than at smolt stocking and river exit, indicating early marine growth. The distribution of U.S. postsmolts from different rivers was similar, and they were often caught together, as were those from the same river. As a result of this close association during migration, postsmolt catches were aggregated at a few adjacent locations in several areas of the Gulf of Maine. Postsmolts crossing the Gulf of Maine were found east of Jordan Basin and most were along a corridor near shore at the eastern edge of the area surveyed along the southwest coast of Nova Scotia, Canada. Postsmolts of U.S. origin were found in areas used by other salmon populations also leaving the Bay of Fundy during May and June. This seasonal occurrence in a specific coastal area provides an opportunity to manage activities within that corridor to mitigate potential losses of Atlantic salmon from endangered and threatened populations in North America.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".