Mononuclear cells from patients recovered from cutaneous leishmaniasis respond to<i>Leishmania major</i>amastigote class I nuclease with a predominant Th1-like response
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The Leishmania major amastigote class I nuclease (LmaCIN) is a developmentally regulated protein that is highly expressed in the amastigote stage of L. major. This protein is homologous to the P4 nuclease of L. pifanoi, which has been shown to induce protective immune response in a murine model. To evaluate LmaCIN as a potential human vaccine candidate, cellular immune responses to recombinant LmaCIN were examined in individuals recovered from Old World cutaneous leishmaniasis. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) from patients recovered from L. major infection were cultured either with recombinant LmaCIN or autoclaved L. major (ALM) as control. rLmaCIN induced significant proliferation of PBMC from 90% of recovered patients. Phenotypic analysis of proliferating cells showed that CD8(+) cells were the predominant cell type proliferating in response to rLmaC1N. Screening of culture supernatants for cytokines showed that rLmaCIN induced high levels of interferon (IFN)-gamma (mean +/- s.e.m.: 1398 +/- 179 pg/ml) associated with little interleukin (IL)-10 and little or no IL-5 production. These findings show that LmaCIN is immunogenic in humans during L. major infection and that it can elicit immunological responses relevant to immunoprophylaxis of leishmaniasis.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.003 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".