Piezoelectric properties and phase transitions of 〈001〉-oriented Pb(Zn1/3Nb2/3)O3–PbTiO3 single crystals
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Electric-field-induced phase transitions and piezoelectric properties of 〈001〉-oriented Pb(Zn1/3Nb2/3)O3–xPbTiO3 single crystals for x=4.5% and 8% (PZN–4.5%PT and PZN–8%PT) have been investigated as a function of temperature. It was found that the piezoelectric properties and phase transitions for both crystals are strongly dependent on temperature. The measurements of polarization and strain as a function of unipolar electric field show that the field for the rhombohedral–tetragonal phase transition decreases linearly with temperature in the range between 25 and 105 °C. Thus, raising the temperature can stabilize the tetragonal phase in 〈001〉-oriented PZN–PT crystals. Longitudinal piezoelectric constant d33 in the rhombohedral phase increases with temperature for both crystals; in PZN–4.5%PT the slope itself increases significantly at temperatures over 60 °C. In the field-induced tetragonal phase, there is little change in d33 for PZN–8%PT within the temperature range investigated, while in PZN–4.5%PT a slight increase of d33 with temperature was observed at temperatures above 80 °C.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".