Current Mode Euclidean Distance Calculation Circuit for Kohonen's Neural Network Implemented in CMOS 0.18�m Technology
Bibliographic record
Abstract
In this paper we present analog current mode Euclidean distance calculation (EDC) block, which calculates the distance between two current vectors. The proposed circuit is an important part of the CMOS-implemented Kohonen's neural network (KNN) designed for medical applications. The input data vector is compared with the weights' vector in each neuron in proposed KNN. The neuron, whose weights are the closest to the input training vector becomes the winner and in the next step changes its weights. Proposed EDC block performs several operations such as: subtraction, squaring and summing of the current signals. The output current is the exact measure of the Euclidean distance. Proposed circuit dissipates power 15 muW from 1.5 V voltage supply, working with 20 MHz input data frequency. The signal frequency as well as the power dissipation may be scaled down to 1 MHz and 300 nA. Proposed EDC circuit, in CMOS 0.18 mum technology, occupies area about 500 mum <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> .
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".