Les minorités en France, au Canada et au Québec : minoritaires ou mineures?
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Les minorités dans les États contemporains sont à la fois minoritaires et mineures. L’État libéral, à la française, nie leur existence légale mais les reconnaît de facto. L’État corporatiste, à la canadienne et à la québécoise, répartit la population en trois groupes : les Amérindiens, les peuples fondateurs et les autres. Les premiers jouissent de droits exclusifs, les autres, les minorités, de droits négatifs (non-discrimation et éducation) et, dans certains cas, positifs (programmes d’accès à l’égalité). La définition des minorités aboutit à des droits réservés avec politiques et administrations spécialisées. Paradoxalement, l’État libéral traite de manière pragmatique les minorités qu’il se refuse de reconnaître alors que l’État corporatiste ne cesse de multiplier les distinctions entre les groupes de la société, marginalisant ainsi les minorités.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.003 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.003 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.018 | 0.015 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.005 | 0.002 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.003 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.006 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".