Amine Grafted Silica/SPEEK Nanocomposites as Proton Exchange Membranes
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This work presents the elaboration of porous silica nanospheres, eventually amine functionalized, which are used as the inorganic filler in mixed matrix silica/SPEEK membranes. The surface of the silica nanoparticles is modified by grafting (3-aminopropyl)dimethylethoxysilane (APDMS). The two sets of nanocomposite membranes obtained at varying silica loadings are characterized for their proton conductivity and water uptake properties. At higher degrees of sulfonation, some cross-linking due to the interaction of the amine groups of the silica with the sulfonic acid groups of the SPEEK polymer is attested by the water uptake reduction between the composites made with amine grafted or pristine silica particles. However, even in these conditions the proton conductivity of the mixed matrix membrane is not essentially different in the two sets of nanocomposites. This indicates that the inorganic filler effect on proton conductivity is related to changes in the microstructure of the water channels in the polymer lattice.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".