Effects of a pre‐incubation period on the photoinduced toxicity of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons to the luminescent bacterium <i>Vibrio fischeri</i>
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Irradiation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in aqueous solution with simulated solar radiation (SSR; a light source with a visible light: UV-A:UV-B ratio similar to that of sunlight) can greatly enhance their toxicity. Two microbial toxicity tests with Vibrio fischeri were used to investigate the effect of composition of the growth medium and pre-incubation on the photoinduced toxicity of PAHs. The assays were a short-term test (15 min) and long-term test (18 h). Both assays were carried out in SSR and darkness to examine for photoinduced toxicity of PAHs. For the short-term toxicity assay, inhibition of bacterial luminescence was measured. For the long-term toxicity assay, both inhibition of bacterial luminescence and inhibition of growth were recorded. To broaden this test, V. fischeri cells were pre-incubated with PAHs in medium without a carbon source (minimal medium) for 8 h to facilitate assimilation and photooxidation of the contaminants, and to prevent bacterial growth at the outset of the assay. V. fischeri was more sensitive in minimal medium than in complex medium in both the short- and long-term toxicity assays. Moreover, in the long-term assay, SSR greatly increased toxicity, especially if there was a pre-incubation period in minimal medium. This indicates that both assimilation and photooxidation of PAHs are important to their toxicity to V. fischeri.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".