Furosemide Increases Total Calcium in Kidney and Cytoplasmic Free Calcium in Blood Mononuclear Cells of Guinea Pigs
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Nephrocalcinosis has been observed in premature infants treated with furosemide. To see whether furosemide-induced renal calcium accumulation is reflected in easily accessible extrarenal cells, we measured cytosolic free calcium ([Ca2+]i) in blood mononuclear cells and kidney tissue calcium of guinea pigs chronically treated with furosemide. At week 0, the mean [Ca2+]i in blood mononuclear cells using the fluorescent indicator quin2 was 105 +/- 4 nM. After 2 weeks of treatment with furosemide, the high dosage (10 or 20 mg/kg/day) caused a significant increase in [Ca2+]i. There was no change in cell volume after 1 or 2 weeks of treatment with furosemide at this dosage. The kidney total calcium concentration and histological calcium accumulation increased with increasing furosemide dosages. These observations suggest that calcium accumulation in blood mononuclear cells may reflect the calcium accumulation in the kidney after furosemide treatment.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".