CXCR3 blockade inhibits T‐cell migration into the CNS during EAE and prevents development of adoptively transferred, but not actively induced, disease
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Autoreactive T-cell infiltration into the CNS is critical in MS and EAE. The chemokine receptor CXCR3 and its ligands are implicated in MS and mouse EAE, but the contribution of CXCR3 to T-cell migration into the inflamed CNS remains controversial. During active disease in a rat EAE model, blood T-cell, spleen T-cell and T lymphoblast migration into the CNS was inhibited by a CXCR3 blocking mAb by, 30-70%, ∼75% and 50-80%, respectively. However, CXCR3 blockade after active immunization did not inhibit EAE, did not alter total T-cell accumulation in the CNS and did not affect Treg accumulation or the presence of cells producing IFN-γ or IL-17. Conversely, CXCR3 blockade during EAE induced by adoptive transfer of myelin basic protein-activated T cells delayed disease onset, shortened its duration and reduced disease severity. Moreover, CXCR3 blockade inhibited leukocyte infiltration of the CNS>95%, virtually abolishing infiltration of transferred T cells. Thus, CXCR3 plays a major role in T-cell migration to the CNS and can be critical for encephalitogenic T-cell migration into the CNS to induce disease, but CXCR3-independent recruitment can also produce EAE.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".