Combination of UDP‐Glc(NAc) 4′‐Epimerase and Galactose Oxidase in a One‐Pot Synthesis of Biotinylated Nucleotide Sugars
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract The enzymatic epimerization of uridine 5′‐diphospho‐α‐ D ‐glucose (UDP‐Glc, 1 ) and uridine 5′‐diphospho‐ N ‐acetyl‐α‐ D ‐glucosamine (UDP‐GlcNAc, 2 ) and the subsequent oxidation of uridine 5′‐diphospho‐α‐ D ‐galactose (UDP‐Gal, 3 ) and uridine 5′‐diphospho‐ N ‐acetyl‐α‐ D ‐galactosamine (UDP‐GalNAc, 4 ) were combined with chemical biotinylation with biotin‐ε‐amidocaproylhydrazide in a one‐pot synthesis. Analysis by CE and NMR revealed a mixture (1.0:1.4) of the biotinylated nucleotide sugars uridine 5′‐diphospho‐6‐biotin‐ε‐amidocaproylhydrazino‐α‐ D ‐galactose (UDP‐6‐biotinyl‐Gal, 7) and uridine 5′‐diphospho‐6‐biotin‐ε‐amidocaproylhydrazino‐α‐ D ‐glucose (UDP‐6‐biotinyl‐Glc, 9 ), respectively, in a reaction started with 1 . One product, uridine 5′‐diphospho‐6‐biotin‐ε‐amidocaproylhydrazino‐ N ‐acetyl‐α‐ D ‐galactosamine (UDP‐6‐biotinyl‐GalNAc, 8) was formed when the reaction was initiated with 2 . It could be demonstrated for the first time that a UDP‐Glc(NAc) 4′‐epimerase (Gne from Campylobacter jejuni ) and galactose oxidase from Dactylium dendroides can be used simultaneously in enzymatic catalysis. This is of particular interest since the coaction of an enzyme demanding reductive conditions and an oxygen‐dependent oxidase is unexpected.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".