Angiotensin converting enzyme gene insertion/deletion polymorphism: Case‐control association studies in schizophrenia, major affective disorder, and tardive dyskinesia and a family‐based association study in schizophrenia
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) is a candidate gene for psychiatric disorders. We examined the frequency of a functional insertion/deletion (I/D) polymorphism in the 16th intron of the ACE gene (located on chromosome 17q23) in groups of patients with schizophrenia (n = 104 and 113), major depression (n = 55), and bipolar disorder (n = 87) compared to healthy control subjects (n = 87). There was no evidence for allelic or genotypic association of the polymorphism with any of the disorders or with tardive dyskinesia (TD) in patients with schizophrenia. In a sample of nuclear families (n = 61) made up of one or more patients with schizophrenia recruited with their parents, there was no evidence for biased transmission of ACE I/D alleles. Particularly in the case of schizophrenia, these findings do not support an association of the ACE I/D polymorphism with the phenotypes examined.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.004 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".