Effect of growth rate on surface morphology of heavily carbon-doped InGaAs
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Carbon-doped InGaAs was grown at two growth rates by chemical beam epitaxy using carbon tetrabromide as the dopant precursor. Surface roughness was measured using atomic force microscopy. Step-flow growth was observed for undoped InGaAs but a roughening of the surface and loss of step-flow growth occurred at high carbon-doping levels, possibly due to etching effects. The point at which the surface grew rough also corresponded to an increase in the variability of carbon, as reported by secondary ion mass spectrometry. Increasing the growth rate allowed the surface to remain smooth at higher carbon concentrations. The hole concentration saturated for samples grown at both growth rates. Carrier activation was slightly better in samples grown at a high growth rate. The ability to maintain good surface morphology at elevated carbon concentrations is critical for the fabrication of high frequency heterojunction bipolar transistors.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.002 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".