Polar Climate Instability and Climate Teleconnections from the Arctic to the Midlatitudes and Tropics
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract It is generally accepted that the ocean thermohaline circulation plays a key role in polar climate stability and rapid climate change. Recently reported analyses of the impact of anomalous freshwater outflows from the North American continent onto either the North Atlantic or Arctic Oceans demonstrate that, in either case, a clear reduction in the Atlantic meridional overturning circulation, accompanied by an increase in sea ice extent, is predicted. The results also reconcile proxy-inferred Younger Dryas Greenland temperature variations. The aim of the present work is to provide a detailed investigation of the pathways along which the signal associated with overturning circulation anomalies propagates into both the midlatitudes and the tropics and the effect such teleconnections have on the tropical ocean–atmosphere system. The authors consider both the impact of substantial slowing of the overturning circulation due to freshwater forcing of the North Atlantic as well as its recovery after the anomalous forcing has ceased. The changes in tropical climate variability are shown to manifest themselves in shifts of both the typical time scale and intensity of ENSO events in the model. Evidence is presented for mechanisms that involve both atmospheric and oceanic pathways through which such Northern Hemisphere high-latitude events are communicated into both the midlatitudes and the tropics and thereafter transformed into changes in the nature of tropical variability.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".