Impact of knee and low back pain on health-related quality of life in Japanese women: the Research on Osteoarthritis Against Disability (ROAD)
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Although knee and low back pain are major public health issues, little information is available on their impact on the quality of life (QOL). We have investigated the impact of knee and low back pain on the QOL in Japanese women by assessing the associations between knee pain and low back pain and various QOL domains using measures such as the Medical Outcomes Study Short Form-8, EuroQOL, and the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index. From the 3,040 Japanese women participating in the Research on Osteoarthritis Against Disability (ROAD) study, we analyzed data on 1,369 women >40 years old (mean age 68.4 years). We further examined the associations of Kellgren-Lawrence (KL) grade at the knee and lumbar spine and the presence of vertebral fracture (VFx) with the magnitude of QOL loss in women with knee pain and low back pain, respectively. Knee pain and low back pain were found to be significantly associated with lower QOL scores among the women comprising the study cohort. In women with knee pain KL = 4, knee osteoarthritis was strongly associated with the magnitude of QOL loss. For women with low back pain, no significant associations were found between KL grade and magnitude of QOL loss, while there was a moderate association between the latter and VFx.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.008 | 0.006 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".