Geoacoustic characterization of seabed scattering experiment locations
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Measurements of acoustic forward and backscattering have been made by DRDC Atlantic during collaborative sea-trials on the Scotian Shelf off the coast of Nova Scotia and on the Strataform site off the coast of New Jersey. In this paper, the geoacoustic properties and roughness parameters that are necessary to interpret and model the scattering measurements are presented. They have been determined using complementary in situ and acoustic techniques. The in situ measurements have been made using grab samples and a free fall cone penetrometer that has been fitted with a resistivity module. The probe provides two independent means of calculating the undrained shear strength, an empirical sediment classification and sediment bulk density. The acoustic measurements include inversions for geoacoustic parameters using the WARBLE [Holland and Osler, J. Acoust. Soc. Am. (2000)] and normal incidence sediment classification [Hines and Heald, Proc. Inst. Acoust. (2001)] techniques. At the scattering experimental locations, these measurements have been combined with surveys using commercial equipment: sidescan sonar, multibeam bathymetry, and subbottom profilers to characterize the seabed.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".