The influence of attention on the recognition of depth-rotated objects and faces
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Purpose: Stankiewicz et al. (1998) suggested that attention is necessary for encoding view-invariant object representations. We examined this hypothesis using realistic depth-rotated faces and non-face images. Methods: A sequential matching paradigm was employed whereby a face or a chair was presented at learning along with characters in its surround. The learning images were presented in frontal or 3/4 view. In the full-attention condition, observers followed the letters with their eyes while paying attention to the image. In the divided-attention condition, observers had to count the number of characters that were digits. At testing, the target was presented along with two distractors of the same category. The target test image and distractors were either in the same view or a different view than at learning. 40 Ss were tested on 2 blocks, one for each attention condition. Five trials for each testing view (same and different) and object category (face and chair) were presented randomly in each block. Results: Recognition accuracy performance produced a significant three-way interaction between Attention, Stimulus Category, and Testing View. In the full-attention condition, recognition in a different view was not significantly different than recognition in the same view for both faces and chairs. In the divided-attention condition, recognition of faces in a different view was significantly lower than recognition in the same view. However, recognition of chairs was equivalent in same and different views under divided-attention. Conclusions: We postulate that a face representation formed without attention may not contain the necessary information required to produce a match with its rotated equivalent. In contrast, the information used to recognize chairs after a small rotation may be encoded and stored in memory irrespective of attention. Ackowledgements: Supported by operating grants and graduate fellowships from CIHR (Canada) and NSERC (Canada).
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.004 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".