Influence of Soda−Air−AQ Pulping of Straw on Silica Precipitation, Paper Strength, and Performance of CPVA as a Dry Strength Additive
Bibliographic record
Abstract
In this study, the impact of soda−air−anthraquinone (AQ) pulping conditions on delignification and silica precipitation onto pulp fibers and paper sheets was studied. The results showed that the yield and silica precipitation slightly increased upon application of AQ in soda−air pulping. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and elemental analysis confirmed the deposition of silica-related particles on fibers and on paper sheets for both soda−air and soda−air−AQ pulping. Furthermore, increasing the cooking temperature had a stronger impact on delignification and silica deposition than did increasing the cooking time for soda−air−AQ pulping. In another set of experiments, the influence of cationic poly(vinyl alcohol) (CPVA) with two different molecular weights on improving the strength properties of straw pulps produced under various soda−air−AQ pulping conditions was studied. The adsorption of CPVA onto straw pulp and its effect on silica retention for paper sheets were comprehensively investigated.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".