Novel-integrated patch antennas with multi-band characteristics
Bibliographic record
Abstract
In this study, two integrated multi-band microstrip patch antennas have been proposed for the next-generation wireless systems. The first design consists of a right isosceles triangular patch integrated with a pair of monopoles. The patch resonates at 3.5 GHz (WiMAX, worldwide interoperability for microwave access) and the monopoles at 2.45 GHz (WLAN, wireless local area network) and 1.96 GHz (PCS frequency), respectively. Furthermore, to improve the gain profile and to achieve directive radiation characteristics towards zenith, a reflector ground plane has been placed below the patch. The detailed analysis of the pattern synthesis technique has been explained. Similarly, the second proposed design consists of a semi-circular patch resonating at 3.5 GHz integrated with a slot and a monopole. The slot and monopole resonate at 5.5 GHz (WiMAX) and 2.45 GHz, respectively. Both the designs are realised on a 1.58 mm-thick FR4 substrate (dielectric constant=4.4) and have a return loss better than 10 dB with desired radiation characteristics at the specified resonant frequencies. Prototypes of the proposed designs have been fabricated and their radiation characteristics have been measured. A close agreement has been found between simulation and measurements.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".