Why this work is in the frame
A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Click to increase image sizeClick to decrease image size Notes First drafts of the essays assembled in this volume were presented at a workshop held at the University of Reading's Centre for International Business History (CIBH) in December 1999. These were subsequently submitted to the usual blind review process. We would like to thank the reviewers for their help by making very constructive comments and suggestions and the authors for their efforts to take all these suggestions into account. We are also very grateful to the journal editors for accepting this special issue and for their patience during the whole process. See for instance G. Morgan and L. Engwall (eds), Regulation and Organization: International Perspectives (London, 1999); J. Braithwaite and P. Drahos, Global Business Regulation (Cambridge, 2000); for an overview of some of the historical literature, see M. Kipping, ‘Business–Government Relations: Beyond Performance Issues’, in F. Amatori and G. Jones (eds), Business History Around the World (New York, 2003), pp.372–93. Cf. D. Yergin and J. Stanislaw, The Commanding Heights: The Battle Between Government and the Marketplace that is Remaking the Modern World (New York, 1998); see also R.B. Reich, The Work of Nations: Preparing Ourselves for 21st Century Capitalism (New York, 1992). For an overview of the changing role of governments, see Kipping, ‘Business–Government Relations’; for more details see the contributions in P.A. Toninelli (ed.), The Rise and Fall of State-Owned Enterprise (New York, 2000). See, for example, M.A.R. Kleiman, Against Excess: Drug Policy for Results (New York, 1992). Cf. Braithwaite and Drahos, Global Business Regulation, chapter 15. See, for example, G. De Leon, ‘Therapeutic Communities for Addictions: A Theoretical Framework’, International Journal of the Addictions, Vol.25, special issue (1995), pp.1537–57. See, among others, J. Goodman, P.E. Lovejoy and A. Sherratt (eds), Consuming Habits: Drugs in History and Anthropology (London, 1995); for a ‘popular’ summary, see also C. Lambert, ‘Deep Cravings’, Harvard Magazine (March–April 2000), pp.60–68. In particular, A. Kieser, ‘Managers as Marionettes? Using Fashion Theories to Explain the Success of Consultancies’, in M. Kipping and L. Engwall (eds), Management Consulting: Emergence and Dynamics of a Knowledge Industry (Oxford, 2002), pp.167–83; see also M. Ashford, Con Tricks: The World of Management Consultancy and How to Make it Work for You (London, 1998). See, for example, M. Casey, The Power of the Lobbyist: Regulation and Vested Interest (Edinburgh, 1991); see also A.E. Kahn, The Economics of Regulation: Principles and Institutions (Cambridge, MA, 1995). See, for the case of tobacco, L. Gálvez Muñoz, ‘Governments, Consumers, Companies and Tobacco Addiction: the Spanish Case (1880s–1930s)’, Business and Economic History, Vol.28 No.2 (Winter 1999), pp.39–48. P. Kyrö, ‘The Management Consulting Industry Described by Using the Concept of “Profession”’, University of Helsinki Research Bulletin, No.87 (Helsinki, 1995). D. Saint-Martin, Building the New Managerialist State: Consultants and the Politics of Bureaucratic Reform in Britain, Canada and France (Oxford, 2000). J. Goodman, Tobacco in History: The Cultures of Dependence (London, 1993). See, for example, D. Courtwright, Dark Paradise: Opiate Addiction in America before 1940 (Cambridge, MA, 1982); idem, Forces of Habit: Drugs and the Making of the Modern World (Cambridge, MA, 2001); C. Tate, Cigarette Wars: The Triumph of ‘the Little White Slaver’ (New York, 1999). See, for example, B.W.E. Alford, W.D. and H.O. Wills and the Development of the UK Tobacco Industry 1789–1965 (London, 1973); T. Gourvish and R.G. Wilson (eds), The Brewing Industry, 1830–1980 (Cambridge 1994); T. Da Silva Lopes, ‘The Impact of Multinational Investment on Alcohol Consumption since the 1960s’, Business and Economic History, Vol.28 No.2 (Winter 1999), pp.109–22; H. Cox, The Global Cigarette: Origins and Evolution of British American Tobacco, 1880–1945 (Oxford, 2000).
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it