Establishment of stable cell lines of <i>Drosophila</i> germ-line stem cells
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Each Drosophila ovariole has three independent sets of stem cells: germ-line stem cells (GSCs) and escort stem cells, located at the anterior tip of the germarium, and somatic stem cells (SSCs), located adjacent to the newly formed 16-cell cysts. Decapentaplegic (Dpp) is required to maintain the anterior stem cells, whereas Hedgehog is required for maintenance and cell division of the SCCs. In an effort to establish a new in vitro system to analyze intrinsic and extrinsic factors regulating the division and differentiation of GSCs of Drosophila, we tested various culture conditions for growing GSCs, derived from bag of marbles (bam) mutant ovaries. We have shown that bam(-) GSCs can be maintained and promoted to divide in vitro in media containing Dpp. These cells retain the morphological features of GSCs, i.e., expression of Vasa and Nanos and spectrosomes, even after several months of culture. Somatic cells are induced to grow in culture by the presence of sonic Hedgehog. The somatic cells produce Dpp. GSCs associate with the somatic cells via DE-cadherin, features that are also prominent at the niche of a normal germarium. Finally, we have established stable cell cultures consisting of GSCs and sheets of somatic cells, which are dependent on the addition of fly extract. A somatic cell line, lacking GSCs, has also been established. These cells are thought to be descendants of SCCs. Our in vitro system may provide the opportunity to manipulate GSCs genetically and to analyze the interaction of germ-line stem cells and soma.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.002 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".