The Effect Of High And Low Glycemic Index Meals On Soccer Tournament Performance
Bibliographic record
Abstract
PURPOSE: Our purpose was to examine the effects of low- and high-glycemic index meals (composed mainly of lentils and potatoes, respectively) on metabolism and performance during two consecutive soccer matches separated by a three hour break, to simulate a soccer tournament. METHODS: Using a single-blind cross-over design, 10 trained soccer players (8 males, 2 females, 27.5 SD 8.2 y; maximal oxygen consumption = 52.5 SD 5.2 mL/kg × min) participated in two simulated soccer tournaments. Low-glycemic index or high-glycemic index meals matched for calorie content were consumed 2-hr before a 90-min treadmill soccer match simulation and 2 hours before a second treadmill soccer match simulation performed 3 hours after the first match. The two meal conditions were separated by at least seven days. Blood and breath samples were collected before and during each simulated soccer match to assess the utilization of carbohydrate and fat as fuel during exercise. The distance covered on five 1-min sprints (separated by 2.5-min rest) performed at the end of each simulated soccer match was used to assess performance. RESULTS: Blood glucose levels were significantly higher from 105 to 60 minutes before the first soccer match after consuming the high-glycemic index versus low-glycemic index meal (P < 0.01). Blood glucose levels were not different between meal conditions during the soccer matches. During the first 10 minutes of each soccer match, the ratio of carbohydrate to fat oxidation was significantly elevated by 2-4 fold during the high-glycemic index condition compared to the low-glycemic index condition (P < 0.05), with no other difference between meal conditions for the rest of the soccer matches. There were no differences between meal conditions for ratings of perceived exertion during the soccer matches or sprint performance at the end of the soccer matches. CONCLUSIONS: Although performance indictors were similar between meal conditions under our testing protocol, low-glycemic index meals consumed before two consecutive soccer matches resulted in an improved metabolic profile compared to high-glycemic meals (i.e. reduced carbohydrate oxidation relative to fat oxidation). Supported by Saskatchewan Pulse Growers and NSERC
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.003 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".