Gold Recovery from Nickel Catalyzed Ammonium Thiosulfate Solution by Strongly Basic Anion Exchange Resin
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Copper catalyzed ammonium thiosulfate leaching process has been proposed as an alternative gold extraction process to cyanidation. In order to recover gold from the ammonium thiosulfate solution, ion exchange process has been proposed as a gold recovery method using strongly basic anion exchange resin. However, the co-adsorption of copper along with gold causes difficulty in separating gold and copper at the gold elution stage. Our previous study has demonstrated that nickel catalyzed ammonium thiosulfate solution for gold extraction has the advantage of reducing thiosulfate consumption. In this study, the results also demonstrated the advantage of gold recovery from the nickel catalyzed ammonium thiosulfate solution by strongly basic anion exchange resin. The optimal gold loading conditions on a 1 g/dm3 strongly base anion exchange resin (wet base value) are investigated in several ion concentrations and 95 kg-Au/t-resin has been obtained. The alternative gold eluant was investigated as the gold loaded resin cannot be eluted by conventional hydrochloric acid. Results showed that the elution efficiency was in the order of OH− < Cl− << NO3− < Br− << I− < ClO4−. The maximum gold recovery by using 2.5 mol/dm3 ClO4− was around 98% with the stripped resin assayed as 0.2 kg/t Au. The feasibility of resin recycling has demonstrated that there was no deterioration in gold adsorption and desorption for four cycles.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".