A novel compact three-dimensional CMOS branch-line coupler using the meandering ECPW, TFMS, and buried micro coaxial technologies at 60 GHz
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This paper proposes a new approach for realizing a compact 3-D 90#x00B0; hybrid coupler incorporating compact meandered elevated coplanar waveguides (ECPW), thin-film microstrip (TFMS) transmission lines, and micro coaxial shunt stub loading. The design technique has been successfully demonstrated using a multi-layer 90nm CMOS process. The proposed coupler takes advantage of the multi-level metallization processes offered in CMOS technology. The intrinsic area of the fabricated 3-D hybrid coupler is significantly reduced with a size reduction of 81% in circuit area at 60 GHz as compared to that of a conventional hybrid coupler using the ECPW/TFMS configuration. Simulated and experimental results are presented in support of the novel miniature coupler
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".