Phytoplankton Community Structure in the Bay of Bandar Khyran, Sea of Oman with Special Reference to Harmful Algae
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The abundance and community structure of the net phytoplankton at two locations in Bandar Khyran Bay were investigated for a period of one complete year. The study region hosts diverse assemblages of net phytoplankton and a total of 248 taxa were identified during the present study. The differences in the species composition of the phytoplankton communities at two locations are not significant while a large spatial and seasonal fluctuation of phytoplankton abundance was observed. These fluctuations are apparently driven by temperature, salinity, dissolved oxygen and nutrient concentration. A minimum abundance of 96 cells/L was observed at OUT station during winter while during the same period it was 138 cells/L at IN station. The maximum counts of phytoplankton occurred in August (17 495 cells/L) at OUT but the maximum was observed at IN station in October (33 230 cells/L). In general, the dinoflagellates dominated the net phytoplankton during summer when the water temperature was above 28℃ while diatoms dominated during winter when the water temperature was below 26℃. Amongst the 248 taxa, 27 species (4 diatoms, 21 dinoflagellates, 1 cyanobacteria, 1 dictyochophyte) could be considered to be toxic or harmful in high concentrations. Blooms of the dinoflagellate, Noctiluca scintillans were observed during the months of January and September. The increase in optimum biological and hydrographic factors play major role in the bloom formation of Noctiluca scintillans and its spatial distribution.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".